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Vapour Cycle ECS based on electrical compressor for avionic application
Description:The air conditioning is one of the main ECS's function. In the vapour cycle ECS on small-medium aircraft (EASA-CS23/CS-27) the compressor comes from automotive market in order to have high level of reliability level and to meet the aeronautic environmental requirements (i.e. RTCA-DO160 and MIL-STD 810).
The key issue is how to drive the compressor. The most popular solution implemented in the on-duty aircraft and rotorcraft is to have the mechanical compressor driven by belt and pulley connected to the spline located on turbine engine or main gear box. This solution is critical for certification because in case of failure there are serious risk for aircraft safety. It means that the transmission to drive compressor requires high value of MTBF (greater than 5000 FH for the ECS).
Thank to new generation of electrical and hybrid vehicle, there are available electrical compressors at low voltage and high voltage power supply, with COP greater than 2.2. A piston compressor for heavy duty application has a COP around 1,75.
The LV compressor requires 28 Vdc power supply with current consumption limited at 30A. It can deliver a cooling capacity around 2,5 kW. This compressor is also used for truck parking cooling.
The HV Compressor requires at least 270 Vdc power supply with current consumption less than 12A, It can deliver a cooling capacity around 7 kW. This kind of compressor requires a DC/DC to be used on aircraft with power bus at 28 Vdc.
The electrical compressors are a suitable solution for light aircraft and contribute to a significant reduction of DAL that could be C or D.
To have more info please don’t hesitate to contact me at roberto@cardano-eng.com
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